Noack and Vilella, 2006.
(Female bronze bug)
The agronomist Elina Massó Villalon and biologist María Elena Gutiérrez Márquez, both of the Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal, an agency linked to the Ministry of Agriculture of Cuba are visiting Embrapa Environment (Jaguariúna, SP) in the period from July 29 to 13 August, with the goal of performing technical activities and strengthen the cooperation of more than 10 years between the two institutions.
On August 2, they gave talks at the seminar "Brazil-Cuba Cooperation in Biological Control: current context and developments achieved in the 10 years of cooperation" under the coordination of researchers from Embrapa Environment Deise Capalbo Maria Fontana and Alexandre Luiz Nogueira de Sá .
The event aimed to contextualize the actions of cooperation between Brazil and Cuba in which Embrapa Environment had role of coordination and collaboration, and disseminate the work done in Cuba, and how cooperation helped these advances and also discuss the possibilities and interests of future cooperation. According Deise, after about 10 years of effective cooperation between Embrapa Environment and research institutes Cubans, the visit of two researchers Cuban is marking the end of the activities of this cooperative effect. "This is an opportunity to better understand the activities already undertaken, the progress made and especially discuss possibilities for future cooperation," he says.
María Elena spoke at the seminar on exchange of experiences and the development of technical skills in the biological control of agricultural pests between Brazil and Cuba and the progress and prospects of this cooperation for phytosanitary control in both countries. For her "the technical and scientific exchange is an important tool for the encouragement of technology transfer processes", which now takes place between the two countries since 2002, even informally. Initially it was proposed in 2005 Project Red Plant Health Cuba-Brazil, which ended in 2007, with support from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq. This project was a partnership between various units of Embrapa: Environment, Cassava & Fruits, semiarid, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology and Biological Institute (Sorocaba, SP), and the UNESP / Jaboticabal. In 2008 and 2009 began the contacts to a new cooperation through the Brazilian Cooperation Agency - ABC, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, culminating with the proposal approved and implemented in 2010, continued in the years 2011, 2012 and 2013.
In the current year the goal was to increase food security in Cuba through strengthening the human resources involved in science and technology in agriculture, and specifically in the development of technological processes for the mass production of micro-organisms and arthropods (insects) beneficial, with emphasis on the cultivation of soy. "The overall goal of the research in this area has always been to develop the technical basis for the biological control of agricultural pests, through exchange of experiences and training of Cuban specialists," explains María Elena. At this stage, apart from Embrapa Units mentioned above, also participate in the Coastal Plains Units (Aracaju, SE) and Soja (Londrina, PR).
By participating Cuba Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV), the Centre National de Sanidad Agropecuaria (Censa) and the Institute of Tropical Fruits (IIFT). According to the researcher, there are many benefits transferred to the project executing agencies. "In addition to the knowledge of other agricultural realities, there was a greater scientific exchange among researchers, and also increase the technical capacity for the implementation of new projects, with regard to the improvement of technological processes for the biological control of agricultural pests," she emphasizes . "The beneficiary institutions have acquired the knowledge necessary for the continuation of the project. Moreover, the transfer of technologies are being implemented by the incoming Cuban counterparts ", he adds.
Already researcher Elina spoke about the "history of the use and production of entomophagous in Cuba", in addition to your current situation. Unlike Brazil Cuba is stimulated the creation of entomophagous (beneficial insects) by the farmers themselves through rustic buildings, called "traditional methods", which she says have been very successful in that country, which also has official biofactories.
At the close of the seminar, the researcher of the Laboratory of Quarantine "Costa Lima," Embrapa Environment Luiz Alexandre Nogueira de Sá emphasized that artisanal methods and biological control by native enemies are stimulated hampered due to the use of chemicals in Cuba. "This shows the importance of local context in the adoption of this type of integrated pest management and its success," he says. Another aspect highlighted was that "many pests existing in Cuba also exist in Brazil, and thus the exchange of bio-control agents can be maintained and increased," he stresses.
It was also demonstrated the importance of the system quarantine Brazilian official who brokered some introductions of natural enemies, such as Cuban strains of entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, and isolated from phytopathogenic bacteria of the genera Pectobacterium sp. and Dickeya sp. associated disease blackleg and soft rot in potato. There is also interest in the future of Cuba's imports Cryptolaemus montroziere predator to control scale insects pests in Brazil.
María Elena also visit the Biological Institute (Campinas, SP) 7-9 in August and Elina, and the visits already made forest gardens to meet and identify pests of eucalyptus, will be at the Laboratory of Quarantine "Costa Lima" in Jaguariúna and also to verify the methodologies for the creation of forest pest psyllid shell and bronze bug and parasitoids imported from Hawaii Fopius arisanus in biological control of fruit flies. Both terminate its activities in Brazil on August 13.
Eliana Lima, MTb 22,047
(19) 3311.2748
eliana.lima @ embrapa.br
Embrapa Environment
Source: www.embrapa.br
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